What to Do When Facing a Bench Warrant - FindLaw (2024)

What to Do When Facing a Bench Warrant - FindLaw (1)

By FindLaw Staff on September 30, 2016| Last updated on June 05, 2020

So you had a bad day, forgot about your court date, and just found out that the judge issued a bench warrant for your arrest.

What is that, and what are you supposed to do now?

What Is a Bench Warrant?

Abench warrant, like any other warrant, authorizes the police to arrest you when they find you. The primary difference is that a judge issues a bench warrant instead of it coming from the police. Missing court means you are in "contempt of court," and it is a criminal charge.

The term comes from the judge's seat being called "the bench." A bench warrant is like saying you need to go in and be present in front of the judge. You may have heard the term "approach the bench" in legal TV shows. In those cases, people are literally asking the judge if they can approach where the judge sits.

A bench warrant does not represent a literal bench in the courthouse, courtroom, police station, or in a waiting area -- though it sounds like it does.

How Does a Bench Warrant Work?

A judge will tell their courtroom staff that you did not show up to court. They start the process of paperwork to get the warrant, and the same judge will sign off on it. This digital or physical paperwork is given to the entire law enforcement community. This means the warrant goes across all state lines to all police officers.

From here, there are two outcomes:

  • You get to the courtroom before the police find you
  • The police find you before you intentionally or unintentionally miss court again (and they may keep you in jail until the court date)

Accidental Reasons for Missing Court

Accidents and mistakes can happen. These typically involve one of the following:

  • The court has your wrong address on file, or the address has a typo
  • You moved addresses
  • Your probation ended and you thought your case was done
  • You were sick or in an accident (bring a doctor's note in ASAP)
  • You accidentally missed or forgot a drug test
  • You did not know about the charges
  • You thought the case was dismissed already

Common Reasons to Be Called to Court

Significant criminal charges are scary and hard to forget. But there are more mundane activities that can lead to charges, such as:

  • Forgetting a child support payment you usually pay
  • Having a child support payment or check bounce
  • Driving with an expired driver's license
  • Forgetting about a community service day

You also could be called to court for minor criminal offenses (sometimes called "infractions") such as charges from a traffic stop. Getting out of jail on bail, then not coming back for your new court date, is taken seriously by the courts. Missing your court date for criminal misdemeanors or felonies is also extremely serious.

What Happens if I Appear in Court Before the Police Find Me?

In most cases, once they know there is a bench warrant, people appear in court ASAP, as asked. You need to go to the courthouse that is handling your case. If you are in a different state, sometimes you can go to the nearest courthouse and explain you want to turn yourself in.

The judge will likely not be happy with you for skipping the first court date. But from this point on, the case will proceed like normal.

What if the Police Find Me Before I Can Get to Court?

If you forget or decide to skip the next court date after a bench warrant, the police may actively search for you. They may come to your home or business. This depends on:

  • The severity of the crime
  • The number of times you have failed to appear in court

When a judge issues a bench warrant, if the police find you, you will be arrested. If the police find you in a different city, sometimes they will take you to the nearest courthouse or jail.

Jail Time Between a Bench Warrant and Court Date

If you are pulled over on a Friday evening, you may sit in jail until Monday due to the time involved in processing, booking, and posting bail.

Even when the underlying crime is seemingly trivial, the court will view a failure to appear as a slap in the face to their authority. They may want to make sure you know they are in control and have authority over you.

To do this, they may keep you in jail until your court date or charge you other fines or penalties.

What Should You Do if You Have a Bench Warrant?

If a bench warrant has been issued for your arrest, you need to act quickly.Having a bench warrant can lead to your arresteven for something as trivial as a speeding ticket.

You have two options:

  • Get to court right away
  • Get an attorney to help defend you for missing court and for your original charges

Do I Need an Attorney After a Bench Warrant?

If you know the bench warrant exists and you do not have a lawyer, get one ASAP. Getting an attorney is always your choice, but they can step in right away to help fix the messy situation.

If the court date you missed was for a relatively minor crime,an attorney can often clear the warrant on your behalf. That way, you don't have to worry about being arrested at home or at work. Minor crimes would be something like a traffic ticket or other traffic violations.

How Long Does a Bench Warrant Last? Can They Expire?

Bench warrants last forever. That is, "forever" until you are found and arrested. They never expire, and you can be arrested across state lines. Unless you die or the judge decides to recall the bench warrant, it will always be there.

Failing to appear in court is a serious violation that can cost you time and money. And the repercussions can last after you are arrested. For example:

  • A bench warrant can potentially increase the severity of your charges.
  • It can make a judge less lenient when determining your sentence if you're found guilty or enter a plea.

Do Bench Warrants Show up on Background Checks?

It depends. Bench warrants and other warrants are not charges, so they are not part of a criminal case. Criminal records are what most jobs search for during a background check.

However, warrants are part of court records, so any searches through court records will show your bench warrant.

Bench Warrant vs. Arrest Warrant: What's the Difference?

A bench warrant comes from the judge, whereas an arrest warrant comes from the police. The police need "probable cause" that you committed a crime. The judge can only issue a bench warrant if you miss a scheduled court date.

Can You Travel Out-of-State or the Country When You Have a Bench Warrant?

No. It is illegal to leave the state or country when you have a bench warrant. You can be arrested on the spot at the airport or any transportation area that scans your ID.

Once the computer system shows you have a court order out for your arrest, your travel plans will be denied, and the police will be called.

Don't Add a Bench Warrant on Top of Other Charges

If your outstanding bench warrant is from an honest mistake, you should turn yourself in right away. Some judges are understanding, and you may look better in their eyes.

Avoiding time in jail over a bench warrant is related to:

  • The severity of the underlying crime
  • The length of time since the warrant was issued

An attorney is the surest way to get the judge to hear your side of the story about the bench warrant and missing a court hearing. If you are being charged with a misdemeanor or felony, it isadvisable to get a criminal defense attorneyregardless.

Related Resources:

  • Find Criminal Defense Lawyers Near You(FindLaw's Lawyer Directory)
  • What to Do When Facing a Bench Warrant(FindLaw's Blotter)
  • Getting out of Jail After You Have Been Arrested(FindLaw's Learn About the Law)
  • Petty Theft for a Minor(FindLaw's Blotter)
  • Stop and Frisk, Still in Use Despite Poor Results(FindLaw's Blotter)

You Don’t Have To Solve This on Your Own – Get a Lawyer’s Help

Meeting with a lawyer can help you understand your options and how to best protect your rights. Visit our attorney directory to find a lawyer near you who can help.

Or contact an attorney near you:

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What to Do When Facing a Bench Warrant - FindLaw (2024)

FAQs

What to Do When Facing a Bench Warrant - FindLaw? ›

In most cases, once they know there is a bench warrant, people appear in court ASAP, as asked. You need to go to the courthouse that is handling your case. If you are in a different state, sometimes you can go to the nearest courthouse and explain you want to turn yourself in.

How do you get around a bench warrant? ›

A bench warrant (“BW”) is a warrant to arrest and detain you if you have either failed to appear in court or failed to obey a court order. You can clear a bench warrant by either: appearing in court before the judge, or. possibly having your attorney appear in court on your behalf.

How do you deal with a bench warrant in Texas? ›

A defendant or defense lawyer can quash a bench warrant by appearing in court and resolving the alleged violation. This has to be done before the warrant is executed.

How do I clear a bench warrant in Michigan? ›

Once you explain the emergency, mistake, or accident, the judge will cancel the bench warrant. The quicker you appear to answer for the bench warrant, the better it will be for you. After discussing your failure to appear, the court will address the bond and schedule a new court date.

How do I resolve a bench warrant in Wisconsin? ›

A BENCH or ARREST WARRANT can be lifted by making a payment on the case.

How long does a warrant stay active in Texas? ›

They are not automatically deleted after, for example, five years if the police fail to find the subject of the warrant. Indeed, the warrant will remain outstanding until the subject dies, unless the judge otherwise recalls or quashes it for some other reason.

How long does a misdemeanor warrant stay active in California? ›

In California, an arrest warrant for a misdemeanor offense will stay active until either the warrant is cleared, the suspect is arrested, or the suspect dies. These warrants do not simply expire.

Can a warrant be dropped in Texas? ›

You can also pay your ticket to lift the warrant. But paying the ticket is also seen as a guilty plea. So, once you pay the ticket and lift the warrant, you can be subject to more penalties, including surcharges. If you fail to pay those surcharges or miss a payment, your license can be suspended.

How long do you go to jail for failure to appear in Texas? ›

The charges and penalties for failure to appear include: Class C Misdemeanor, punishable by up to a $500 fine, if the original charge was a Class C Misdemeanor. Class A Misdemeanor, punishable by up to one year in the county jail and a $4,000 fine, if the original charge was a Class A or B Misdemeanor.

What happens after a warrant is issued in Texas? ›

Once a warrant is issued, police in Texas have the right to arrest you. Law enforcement officers may arrest you at any place, be it your home, office, hospital, or hotel. They may arrest at any public place, even after pulling you out of your car on the road.

Can you pay off a bench warrant in Michigan? ›

You will have to appear in court. However, bench warrants can be issued because a person did not pay traffic fines. In that sense, the court will sometimes allow you to just pay the ticket to get rid of the warrant. The same may apply to outstanding fines and costs.

How serious is a bench warrant in Michigan? ›

Bench warrants are orders from a judge to arrest someone because they are in contempt of court. Like an arrest warrant, a bench warrant allows law enforcement officers to arrest someone on sight and bring them before the court to explain why they failed to appear in court.

How long does a bench warrant stay active in Michigan? ›

In Michigan, an active arrest warrant will never go away. Ever. In fact, many people have been shocked to learn they have a warrant out for their arrest that was issued years ago. The warrant will never get lifted unless you appear in front of a judge and the court officially recalls the warrant.

How do I write a letter to a judge to quash a warrant? ›

The 5 most common tips in writing an effective leniency letter to a judge include: write a clear introduction, introduce yourself and establish credibility, provide reasons for leniency, tell a story, and. provide contact information.

How do I clear a warrant in Milwaukee? ›

Walk into Out of Custody Court (Safety Building Rm. 221) weekdays between 1pm and 4:00pm to clear a misdemeanor warrant. You can contact the Public Defenders Office (414-227- 4130) to start the warrant clearing process. Walk into Criminal Justice Facility G55 on the below dates to address your warrant.

What to do if you have a warrant in Florida? ›

If you have an active warrant to your name, you should call a lawyer immediately. They may be able to convince the judge to lower the bond amount. Alternatively, there may have been no bond amount set; in these scenarios, an attorney will work to get one determined.

Can I get an ID if I have a warrant in Texas? ›

According to findlaw.com, dealing with the active warrant first is your only option if you need a state ID or driver's license. You may need to pay outstanding fines, attend a court date, or speak with a judge or probation officer to clear the warrant.

Are you notified if you have a warrant in Texas? ›

The Texas police have no obligation to inform you there is a warrant out for your arrest. If you suspect there might be a warrant out for your arrest, you should take steps to confirm whether this is true. If there is a warrant out for your arrest in Texas, the police can arrest you without notice.

How long does it take to process a warrant in Texas? ›

Police have to execute most warrants within 3 days of their issuance.

What is a serna motion? ›

"Serna Motion" (to dismiss for lack of speedy trial) A Serna motion is a motion to dismiss misdemeanor or felony charges because you were denied the constitutional right to a speedy prosecution or a speedy trial.

How long do you stay in jail for a warrant for missing court California? ›

The punishments for failing to appear in court will depend on the underlying charge. If your original charge were a misdemeanor crime, your failure to appear would typically carry up to six months in county jail, a fine not to exceed $1000, or both time in prison and a fine.

What is the penal code 821? ›

Code § 821. Current through the 2023 Legislative Session. If the offense charged is a felony, and the arrest occurs in the county in which the warrant was issued, the officer making the arrest must take the defendant before the magistrate who issued the warrant or some other magistrate of the same county.

How do I get rid of a warrant in Texas without going to jail? ›

Posting a cash bond will immediately remove your arrest warrant. Usually, the cash bond amount is the "amount due" listed on your warrant. Posting a bond does not mean that you are guilty of your charged offense. You will be scheduled to come to Court and discuss your case with a prosecutor.

Can a lawyer clear a warrant Texas? ›

If you hire a lawyer, they can post your bail bond in Austin, Tx, and even help you clear warrants as soon as possible. They will provide you with the best possible course of action to get out of this situation. Contact the Police Department: This is the riskiest way to find out your warrant information in Texas.

What is the exception to warrant in Texas? ›

OFFENSE WITHIN VIEW. (a) A peace officer or any other person, may, without a warrant, arrest an offender when the offense is committed in his presence or within his view, if the offense is one classed as a felony or as an offense against the public peace.

How much is a day in jail worth in Texas? ›

If the court gives you credit, you will be given at least $100 of credit for every 24 hours spent in jail. Some courts will give you more credit per night or waive any additional amount you owe if you've spent time in jail.

What happens if you miss a court date in Texas? ›

You will remain subject to arrest until you post bail or otherwise dispose of your case or make suitable arrangements with the court. If you are arrested, you will be required to give bail to secure your release from custody and appear in court at a later time to answer for this charge.

Is failure to appear a crime in Texas? ›

Texas Criminal Law. The Bail Jumping and Failure to Appear crime in the state of Texas allows criminal prosecutions for people who the state's attorneys believe intentionally or knowingly skipped a court date without a legal reason.

Can I renew my license if I have a warrant in Texas? ›

What If I Have a Warrant Out? In Texas, failing to appear for a citation (Failure to Appear/Failure to Pay Program) or failing to pay a fine can result in being denied renewing your license.

What are my rights in Texas when I get pulled over? ›

You have the right to remain silent. If you wish to exercise that right, say so out loud. You have the right to refuse to consent to a search of yourself, your car or your home. If you are not under arrest, you have the right to calmly leave.

How long can you be held in jail before seeing a judge in Texas? ›

Although most arraignments are held within 24-hours of an arrest, in Texas, it can take up to 72-hours or longer for an arraignment to occur.

What is a bench warrant in MI? ›

In Michigan, if you miss a court date then the judge presiding over your case will issue out a bench warrant. Bench warrants differ from arrest warrants because the defendant isn't being accused of a crime. Instead they are being accused of committing offenses against the court by failing to appear.

Is child support a felony warrant in Michigan? ›

Anyone who falls behind $5,000 or more on their child support payments could face felony charges for non-payment of child support. The Michigan Attorney General or the local county prosecutor's office may lay these charges.

Can you turn yourself in for a warrant in Michigan? ›

When you turn yourself in on a warrant, it may take several days before there is an arraignment and an opportunity to post bond. The lawyer's involvement may help prevent that lengthy delay. A lawyer is often able to get a commitment from law enforcement to arrange for a time and place to turn yourself in on the bond.

What is a 48 hour bench warrant in Michigan? ›

Except as provided in MCR 6.615(B), if a defendant fails to appear in court, the court must wait 48 hours, excluding weekends and holidays if the court is closed to the public, before issuing a bench warrant to allow the defendant an opportunity to voluntarily appear before the court.

What is the 48 hour rule in Michigan? ›

…the person making the arrest or the person having custody of the person arrested shall without unnecessary delay, but not later than 48 hours after the person is arrested, take the person arrested or have him taken before some magistrate of the county where the accused was arrested or, to provide more expeditiously to ...

How far will Michigan extradite? ›

The US Constitution's Extradition Clause requires states to transfer a fugitive from justice who has committed a “treason, felony, or other crime” to the state from which the fugitive has fled upon the demand of another state. The extradition radius in Michigan is unlimited.

What happens when a warrant is issued in Michigan? ›

Once signed, a warrant is entered into the Law Enforcement Information Network (LEIN), a database accessible to all law enforcement officers. An open warrant allows a police officer to arrest a person without notice. In some cases, a court might send notice to someone subject to a warrant.

What happens when you have a warrant in Michigan? ›

Michigan Warrants. A warrant search, signed by a judge or magistrate, allows law enforcement to make an arrest anywhere they find the person named in the warrant. Once the court signs the warrant, the police may start searching for the person.

What is the statute of limitations in Michigan? ›

Michigan law limits the time prosecutors have to file charges after a crime. The statute of limitations is 6 years for misdemeanors and felonies not specifically named in Michigan Penal Code.

How do you ask a judge for leniency? ›

The 5 most common tips in writing an effective leniency letter to a judge include:
  1. write a clear introduction,
  2. introduce yourself and establish credibility,
  3. provide reasons for leniency,
  4. tell a story, and.
  5. provide contact information.
Jul 8, 2022

How do you start a letter to a judge? ›

Open with a salutation.

Write "Dear Judge (last name)," to start your letter. Note that you use "the Honorable" when referring to the judge, but use "Judge" when addressing him or her in person. The title still applies even if the judge has retired.

What does a judge look for in a character letter? ›

For individuals writing character letters, the goal should be to first establish your credibility as a reference for the defendant. Next, the letter should describe the defendant, in order to help the judge better understand him or her beyond the offense committed.

How to clear a bench warrant without going to jail in Wisconsin? ›

You can clear a bench warrant by either:
  1. appearing in court before the judge, or.
  2. possibly having your attorney appear in court on your behalf.
Jan 13, 2023

How do I clear a warrant in Missouri? ›

Cancelling Bench Warrants

If a warrant is issued for your arrest, you may appear in person at the customer service counter at the court at 1520 Market to request a hardship cancellation of your warrant without being required to post a cash bond.

What is the Milwaukee crime stoppers reward? ›

We don't want your name, JUST YOUR INFORMATION! If your information leads to arrest/charges, you may be eligible for a reward up to $1,000!

How long does a bench warrant last in Florida? ›

No Statute of Limitations for Florida Warrants!

A Florida warrant never goes away – we've handled cases in New Port Richey, Clearwater, and Tampa that were over 20 years old. (None of this applies to a probation warrant – there is no statute of limitations with those.)

Does Florida extradite for bench warrants? ›

The short answer is: “Yes.” Florida does extradite a fugitive to and from other states on a felony warrant.

How long can a jail hold you on a warrant from another county in Florida? ›

Articles 15.19-21 of the Code of Criminal Procure provides that a person can be held for 10 days for the county where the offense took place to get the person. If that county does not, the person must be released on a personal bond.

How do I clear a bench warrant in Hawaii? ›

It is best to call the court clerk in advance to notify the court of your intention to turn yourself in. You may have to schedule a hearing to show proof of compliance with an order or pay fines to clear up your outstanding matter, or both.

How long does a bench warrant last in California? ›

Unlike an arrest warrant that may be subject to a statute of limitations, a bench warrant does not expire. In fact, a bench warrant remains outstanding for life, until and unless the subject of the warrant deals with it or the judge recalls or quashes it.

How do I clear a bench warrant in NJ? ›

Typically, once you find out that there's a bench warrant out for you, you can call the local police or the court that issued the warrant and ask for more information. If you call the court, they may schedule a new court date and remove the warrant without arresting you or causing other legal issues.

How do I clear a warrant in Sacramento County? ›

Clearing my Warrant

You must appear at the Sacramento County Sheriff's Department located at 4510 Orange Grove Avenue, Sacramento, CA 95841. For further information, you may call 916-874-5383.

How long is a bench warrant good for in Hawaii? ›

Provides that bench warrants, with the exception of grand jury bench warrants in class A and B felony cases, shall expire 5 years after issuance.

What happens if you have a bench warrant in Hawaii? ›

A bench warrant gives authorities the right to arrest the defendant and bring him or her before the court to answer to their contempt charges.

Can you leave California if you have a warrant? ›

What Happens to My California Arrest Warrant if I Leave the State or Country? If you know that you are being sought by the courts and you flee, you will be considered a “fugitive from justice”. This is the case even if you think that you are innocent of any and all charges.

Does California DMV check for bench warrants? ›

Does the DMV Check for Warrants When I Need a State ID? The short answer is yes. The DMV checks for outstanding warrants as well as bench warrants. Moreover, they might have a DPS officer on-site.

Do bench warrants expire in New Jersey? ›

There is no set expiration date for bench warrants in New Jersey. Judges issue bench warrants to direct local law enforcement to arrest defendants for certain legal violations.

How does a bench warrant work in NJ? ›

An order from the court giving legal authority to law enforcement to arrest a person for failure to appear for a court hearing or failure to comply with a court order.

How do I pay a warrant in NJ? ›

The amount of money the Judge issues a warrant for is called bail. Bail is money deposited with the court to ensure your appearance at a future court date. Bail can be posted at the municipal court office, or it can be posted at any police department in the State of New Jersey.

How do you get a warrant lifted in California? ›

Most California courts will not recall or drop a bench warrant (“BW”) on their own. The best way for you to clear a BW in California is typically by either: appearing in court before the judge, or. possibly having your attorney appear in court on your behalf.

What to do if you have a warrant in California? ›

In person, contact the Court that ordered the warrant. In most cases, the clerk will give you a date to go to Court to clear the warrant. You must appear in Court on the scheduled date. If you do not, there will be a new warrant and you may have to pay additional penalties.

What is a bench warrant in California? ›

A bench warrant in California is a court order issued by a judge when you fail to appear in court, comply with a court order, or meet other legal obligations. Bench warrants (also called “body attachments“) authorize police to arrest you and bring you before the court to address your noncompliance.

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